In 1886, Lord Dufferin appointed a "Public Service Commission" under Sir Charles Aitchison to investigate the problems of the civil services in India. The commission made the following decisions:
(i) It rejected the idea of simultaneous examination for covenanted service and advised the abolition of the statutory civil service.
(ii) It proposed the setting up of provincial civil service, the members of which would be separately recruited in every province either by promotion from lower ranks or by direct recruitment.
(iii) It suggested that the terms 'covenanted' and 'uncovenanted' should be replaced by the terms 'imperial' and 'provincial' respectively.
(iv) It suggested 19 and 23 as the minimum and maximum age limits for Indians at the open civil service examinations.
The recommendations of Aitchison were accepted and the covenanted civil service came to be known as Civil Service of India. The provincial service was called after the particular province.
Showing posts with label UPSC Exam. Show all posts
Showing posts with label UPSC Exam. Show all posts
Monday, November 30, 2009
SUPREMACY OVER PUNJAB
SUPREMACY OVER PUNJAB
The English had conquered most of India and they now turned to the Punjab. The death of Ranjit Singh in 1839, led to anarchy in Punjab, which the English tried to exploit. The annexation of Sindh in 1843 made the Sikhs go to war with the English. In the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-1846), the Sikhs fought bravely, but owing to the treachery and half-heartedness of their leaders they suffered reverses. They were finally defeated at Sabraon in 1846. A treaty was conduded at Lahore in 1846 and the state placed under British protection. Under the Lahore Treaty, the Jallandhar Doab came under the British control, while Jammu and Kashmir was handed over to Raja Gulab Singh Dogra for a cash payment of five million rupees.
Lord Dalhousie had hardly been in India a few months when the Second Anglo-Sikh War broke out in 1848.. The Sikhs had been feeling humiliated for long. The immediate cause was the rebellion of Mulraj, who proclaimed a religious war against the English. Though the English won in the end, they suffered huge losses. Punjab was annexed to the British empire on March 29, 1849. balip Singh (the minor son of Ranjit Singh), and his mother/Rani Jindan were
pensioned off and sent to England.
The English had conquered most of India and they now turned to the Punjab. The death of Ranjit Singh in 1839, led to anarchy in Punjab, which the English tried to exploit. The annexation of Sindh in 1843 made the Sikhs go to war with the English. In the First Anglo-Sikh War (1845-1846), the Sikhs fought bravely, but owing to the treachery and half-heartedness of their leaders they suffered reverses. They were finally defeated at Sabraon in 1846. A treaty was conduded at Lahore in 1846 and the state placed under British protection. Under the Lahore Treaty, the Jallandhar Doab came under the British control, while Jammu and Kashmir was handed over to Raja Gulab Singh Dogra for a cash payment of five million rupees.
Lord Dalhousie had hardly been in India a few months when the Second Anglo-Sikh War broke out in 1848.. The Sikhs had been feeling humiliated for long. The immediate cause was the rebellion of Mulraj, who proclaimed a religious war against the English. Though the English won in the end, they suffered huge losses. Punjab was annexed to the British empire on March 29, 1849. balip Singh (the minor son of Ranjit Singh), and his mother/Rani Jindan were
pensioned off and sent to England.
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